In fact for reasons of enmity with its Moroccan neighbour

The dramatic events of last autumn caused taken one of conscience Morocco: The uncontrolled migration flows today are an issue which concerns both countries of emigration, those by whom is the transit of migrants and those, finally, their "host".

The idea is therefore to take into account these "migration" of a regular dialogue between the countries which mark and try to establish a comprehensive strategy. A challenge when we see that the European countries themselves have the greatest evil to coordinate their own immigration policies, often "shifted" to each other (see below).

An "action plan".

It is the initiative of the King of the Morocco and the Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, that come together today and in Rabat, the Morocco, tomorrow 30 countries in Europe and 27 from Africa for the first Ministerial Conference on migration and development. The France, which has supported this project, will be represented by Nicolas Sarkozy, Minister of the Interior, accompanied by the head of diplomacy, Philippe Douste-Blazy, and the Ministers for European Affairs and cooperation. Will be also present, the European Commission, NGOs, the High Commissioner for refugees and the African Union. Great absent, the Algeria, but to the countries of emigration and transit time: she declined the invitation to the official pretext that the issue should be dealt with exclusively by the African Union. In fact, for reasons of enmity with its Moroccan neighbour.

The Rabat Conference should adopt a political declaration accompanied by an "action plan". According to the project developed early June in Dakar by government officials, and enriched over the weekend, the chosen strategy focuses on two axes, a safe, which aims to contain and control irregular migration flows, the other rather incentive, that passes through a reorientation of development policies and improvement of devices for legal immigration.

According to an expert, "the management of the return of illegal immigrants in Ceuta and Melilla, last fall, has cost EUR 70 million to the Morocco", where police officers were arrested for the first time last year more than sub-Saharan Africans to national sailing for Europe. For a country of transit, the financial and human migration cost has become unbearable.

Where a proposal to strengthen the logistics, police and judicial cooperation with the countries of Europe and better share the burden with these countries. European countries, for their part, want to the effective implementation of the agreements, bilateral or regional, for the readmission of illegal immigrants.

Positive measures

However, participants at the meeting held to offset this repressive component by positive measures. Some are designed to improve access to the labour markets of European countries by the relaxation of the visa policy and the promotion of the "circular" migration which would favour a round trips and return of migrants between countries of origin and host countries: a way to counter brain drain leakage today concern the countries of the South. Others were designed to promote the development of poor countries determining the populations.

It comes, for example, to refocus part of development assistance, today very dispersed, on the regions which are the source of emigration. But also to reduce the costs of financial transfers of migrants to their countries of origin and promote these transfers, which represent twice the public aid to development, productive investments.

No new financial means emerged in the immediate future for the implementation of this "strategy". Europeans argue that they have already provided a quasi-doublement of their development assistance, which should reach EUR 77 billion at the end of the Decade, against 40 today.